Published in the Jan. 21 – Feb. 3, 2015 issue of Morgan Hill Life
By Dr. Jeanne Haggerty-Arcay
Dr. Jeanne Haggerty-Arcay
Pain can often be difficult to detect in pets. As natural predators, dogs and cats can be stoic and do not show pain in the way one might expect.
Behavior: Behavioral changes are the most common sign of pain. Mild to moderate pain is often displayed as increased sleeping, lack of interest in surroundings, decreased appetite and is frequently perceived as signs of aging. This is especially true for older pets, who often “are just getting older” but are actually suffering from pain associated with arthritis. Although dogs in severe pain might be crying out, it is far more common for them to become reclusive, aggressive when touched, or restless. Dogs with orthopedic injuries, especially torn ACL in dogs, often go unnoticed for weeks to months. Dogs will continue to chase the ball, run after that squirrel and will not show any apparent discomfort except soreness after exercise.
What if I can’t tell where the pain is located? Your vet can help you determine why your pet is in pain. A thorough physical examination and history will provide key information. Additional testing, such as blood work and X-rays, might be required to pinpoint sources of pain and determine appropriate treatment. Prior to your visit, jot down a few notes: What are the symptoms? When do they occur relative to eating, sleeping and exercise? Does it interfere with the normal routine? Did it start suddenly or develop over time?
What can be done to make my pet comfortable? There are different ways to address pain. Depending on the cause, your vet will determine the best way to proceed. Abdominal pain may require medications, special diets, hospitalization or even surgery. Orthopedic pain from injuries, such as fractures and torn ligaments, typically require splinting/casting and/or surgery in combination with exercise restriction and medication.
More chronic injuries or arthritic changes may not be suitable for surgical repair. They often require changes in exercise and ongoing medication. Chiropractics, acupuncture and physical rehabilitation/therapy are often helpful.
Pain medication: There is a variety of medication available. Traditional non-steroidal anti-inflammatories, steroids, narcotics and neuromuscular blockers are often prescribed. They come in the form of capsules, tablets, liquids, food additives, chews or skin patches. With every medication there is the potential of side effects. Discuss the risk-benefit profile with your vet.
Supplements: Do not give your pet supplements without checking with a vet. Supplements are not regulated and might not contain the advertised ingredients. Your vet can recommend a reputable brand. In addition, if the supplement is acting somewhere in the body to relieve pain, it also carries the risk for side effects. Many common pain medications are derived from plants and other natural products. Do not assume that natural is equivalent to safe.
Human medications: Never give human medications to your pet. Many are dangerous and sometimes deadly.
Dr. Jeanne Haggerty-Arcay received her undergraduate degrees in biology, biochemistry and Spanish from the College of Notre Dame, Belmont. She graduated from U.C. Davis School of Veterinary Medicine. Outside of work, she enjoys spending time with her husband and three young children and plans to return to her equestrian pastime in the near future.
